Various Aspects of Nursing as A Science and Its Impact on Nursing

This paper explores the various aspects of nursing as a science and its impact on nursing since its conception. A review of three major peer reviewed articles1-3 was completed and defined nursing as a science founded on empiric knowledge or scientific knowledge and expanded by nursing theory through the four ways of knowing or epistemology in nursing, nursing conceptual frameworks through nursing theorists, and evidence-based practice (EBP) models for care Chinn and Kramer4 to support nursing practice through educational program development. Key concepts included: interactive training programs, team resuscitation programs, minimum length of time and work hours for new nurse orientation programs, a formalized new graduate nurse program to increase transition scores for new graduate nurse programs. Nursing as a science truly became known and recognized in the 1950’s and expanded in the 1990’s through the introduction of EBP Chinn and Kramer.

Through use of empiric knowledge, scientific research, application of nursing theory, and nurses training program development nursing as a profession can advance and meet future challenges of a changing and challenging healthcare system. In order to know Nursing as a Science we should first look at the beginning of Nursing with Florence Nightingale. Florence Nightingale was born in May of 1820 in Florence, Italy. Despite her parents' objections and bucking convention, in 1844, Nightingale enrolled as a nursing student at the Lutheran Hospital of Pastor Fliedner in Kaiserswerth, Germany Chinn and Kramer,4 McDonald. In 1853 the Crimean War broke out and eventually there was a request for nurses and Nightingale took a core group of 34 nurses by 1854 to the Crimea to staff hospitals for ill and injured soldiers due to poor staffing and substandard care of their soldiers noted by the army. She was known during the Crimean War at the British base Hospital to have improved unsanitary conditions thereby developing prevention for wound infections and reducing the death count (i.e., death from cholera, typhoid) by two-thirds.4,1 She wrote her findings and thus began worldwide health care reform. In 1860 she established and developed St. Thomas’ Hospital and The Nightingale Training School for Nurses. Nightingale wrote about the importance of sanitary conditions towards prevention of infection and became the pioneer of modern nursing developing the first standards in military and civilian hospitals for care and the first standards in nursing educational programs.

https://www.stephypublishers.com/sojpcn/pdf/SOJPCN.MS.ID.000518.pdf



Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

Image
 Sustainable Development: Reality Or Myth? Since the United Nations Environment Conference in Stockholm (1972), the concept of sustainable development has steadily made its way among individual scientists and international organizations. The apotheosis of this development was the adoption by the United Nations in 2015 of the 17 Sustainable Development Goals. However, many scientists and politicians were skeptical about the concept of sustainable development, since the results of implementing sustainable development in different countries were far from expected. Many decisions taken at the level of the UN and other international organizations turned out to be unfulfilled. In my opinion, as well as some other Russian scientists, the concept of sustainable development is an unrealistic project, it is a myth, although it is very positive and humane. Sustainable development goals can be achieved only by the most economically developed countries entering the era of post-industrialism. In...
Read more
Image
 How to Treat Cancer Properly Cancer is one of the deadliest diseases in the world, chemotherapy is effective under some conditions, but has too heavy side effects, and it is not effective to a considerable proportion of cases while the side effects are often life-threatening, drugs (not unhealthy addictive drugs mentioned in reference four, the drug in reference four only mean those makes people addictive but does no good to health, destroying health quickly) are not always available to improve the condition. However, sport is a potential treatment that is effective to cancer before the cancer is disseminated, this gets little attention but is true both in theory and practice. The physical activities that have moderate intensity and duration should have devastating effects on cancer cells, they make the body hot and reduce the nutritional resources that cancer cells can get, also renew the proteins in the body and improve one’s mood, cancer cells are hard to live when one is activ...
Read more
Image
 From Bronchial Asthma to Tuberculosis: Unravelling the Cytokine-Macrophage Axis in Diverse Diseases Cytokines, tiny proteins secreted by cells, play a critical role in mediating communication and interactions between cells. They also function as immunomodulating agents, adjusting immune responses. When released into the bloodstream or tissues, cytokines bind to specific receptors on target immune cells, triggering cellular responses. Cytokines are implicated in various diseases, including asthma, COPD, HIV infection, and multiple sclerosis. This review delves into the intricate interplay between cytokines and macrophages, focusing on their roles in inflammation and the immune response. Macrophages, which are scavenger cells of the immune system, exhibit remarkable heterogeneity, reside in diverse tissues, and play crucial roles in both innate and acquired immunity. They can be activated for proinflammatory or anti-inflammatory functions, contributing to tissue destruction or regen...
Read more