Regeneration Abilities of Vertebrates and Invertebrates and Relationship with Pharmacological Research: Hypothesis| Stephy Publishers

 



Trends in Urology and Nephrology Research - (TUNR)| Stephy Publishers

Abstract

A better understanding of the forces controlling cell growth will be essential for considering wound healing as a fundamental evolutionary with possibility of scar formation and reparative regeneration and the developing effective therapies in regenerative medicine and also in cancer. Historically the literature has linked to cancer and tissue regeneration-proposing regeneration as both the source of cancer and a method to inhibit tumori- genesis. Aim of this work is to verify similarity and difference between this process un a revolutionary approach. The same verify the evolution of some factors involved in cancer development .In all this process genetically conserved or not there are determinate kind of program ( finalistic or a-finalistic ) whit a start messages but also a stop when the scope is achieved ( regeneration). It is clear that regeneration abilities in adult form is reduced in some superior vertebrates like humans and the same it seem related to an introduction of adaptative immunity. This review discusses two powerful regeneration models the vertebrate urodele amphibians and invertebrate in light of cancer regulation.

Keywords

Regeneration, cancer; stem-cells, wound healing; reparative re-generation, invertebrates, vertebrates, pathology, micro-environment, genotypic -phenotypic expression, heart regeneration, re-expression embryonic markers, diabetes mellitus

Introduction

The term regeneration is a very interesting and interesting phenomenon in animals which means a well coordinated restoration of cells tissues and organs that have been physically or functionally lost. This repair process should achieve the identification and recapitulation of the missing structures and at the same time achieve a functional integration between newly formed and already existing tissues in order to control physiological and structural changes. In biology evolution is the change in the inherited characteristics of a population from one generation to the next. These characteristics are the expression of the genes that are transcribed during reproduction and passed on to the offspring. Mutations in these genes can create new or changing traits that lead to genetic differences (genetic variation) between organisms. New traits can also arise through the transfer of genes between populations as in migration or between species in horizontal gene transfer. Evolution occurs when these genetic differences become more or less frequent in a population either not randomly through natural selection or randomly through genetic drift. Natural selection is a process in which the genetic traits that contribute to survival and reproduction become more common and harmful traits become rarer over many generations adjustments are made through a combination of successive small and random changes in characteristics with the natural selection of variables best suited to their environment. In contrast genetic drift results in random changes in the frequency of traits in a population. Genetic drift arises from the role that opportunity plays when a given individual survives and reproduces. The theory of evolution through natural selection was proposed almost simultaneously by Charles Darwin and Alfred Russel Wallace and elaborated in Darwin's 1859 book on the origin of species. With the advent of the increasing application of computer science to the life sciences along with the use of mathematical tools computational models are also being developed to understand the process of regenerative decoration. Hence there is a need for collaboration at the interface between life sciences natural sciences and computer science to uncover the mechanism underlying the regeneration process.

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