Clinical and Epidemiological Characteristics of COVID-19 in the Barros Luco Hospital Emergency Unit: the First 164 Patients| Stephy Publishers
Clinical and Epidemiological Characteristics of COVID-19
in the Barros Luco Hospital Emergency Unit: the First
164 Patients
Current Investigations in Clinical and Medical Research - (CICMR) | Stephy Publishers
Abstract
Our country was one of
many hit by the new coronavirus pandemic, of which its clinical manifestation,
mortality rate, laboratory and imaging findings are not still fully understood
and in research. This document pretends to elaborate a presentation
profile-which includes clinical manifestation, radiologic and laboratory
findings-of 164 SARS-CoV2 (+) patients that concurred to the Emergency Service
in Barros Luco-Trudeau Hospital. This retrospective-descriptive research paper
shows that the most common SARS-CoV2 (+) patient consulting on this ER was
predominantly young, not necessarily having a known contact for SARS-CoV2 nor
risk factors for complications related to COVID-19. Clinically, dry coughing,
cephalalgy and myalgia were more often referred.74% of patients required
house-care only, without any further complications during the disease.
Nonetheless, 6% of patients regarding this sample required treatment in the ICU
in some point after from onset of the symptoms. In the group of the ICU patients,
the most remarkable laboratory differences when compared to the house-care
group were show on D-dimer and ferritin blood levels.
Keywords: COVID-19,
SARS-COV2, Coronavirus, Pandemic
Introduction
Since December 2019, there has been a record of the first
patients infected with a new type of enveloped beta coronavirus RNA in Wuhan,
China, called Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corovairus2 (SARS-CoV2).1‒3 Its
clinical presentation would vary, from the asymptomatic carrier to the
critically ill patient with interstitial pneumonia and severe ARDS.1,4,5 It
would be transmitted by droplets from a carrier patient (when talking, coughing
or sneezing) to a non-carrier.1,6 The virus would be viable for a variable time
on different surfaces, being able to adhere to the skin of the previously
non-carrier patient, which would explain the infections without apparent
SARS-CoV2(+) contacts.2,3 Recent evidence postulates that the virus has an
incubation period of up to 14 days, from its inoculation to the presentation of
symptoms, with an average of 4 to 5 days, and its risk of transmission would
depend on several factors, including the time of exposure to a symptomatic
patient and/or carrier, viral load, personal protection measures, use of a mask
in the symptomatic or suspected patient, maintenance of the defined social
distance between 1 and 1.5 meters between people, overcrowding and/or recent
participation in crowds and in-hospital exposure.
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