Clinical and Epidemiological Characteristics of COVID-19 in the Barros Luco Hospital Emergency Unit: the First 164 Patients| Stephy Publishers

 Clinical and Epidemiological Characteristics of COVID-19 in the Barros Luco Hospital Emergency Unit: the First 164 Patients



Current Investigations in Clinical and Medical Research - (CICMR) | Stephy Publishers

Abstract
Our country was one of many hit by the new coronavirus pandemic, of which its clinical manifestation, mortality rate, laboratory and imaging findings are not still fully understood and in research. This document pretends to elaborate a presentation profile-which includes clinical manifestation, radiologic and laboratory findings-of 164 SARS-CoV2 (+) patients that concurred to the Emergency Service in Barros Luco-Trudeau Hospital. This retrospective-descriptive research paper shows that the most common SARS-CoV2 (+) patient consulting on this ER was predominantly young, not necessarily having a known contact for SARS-CoV2 nor risk factors for complications related to COVID-19. Clinically, dry coughing, cephalalgy and myalgia were more often referred.74% of patients required house-care only, without any further complications during the disease. Nonetheless, 6% of patients regarding this sample required treatment in the ICU in some point after from onset of the symptoms. In the group of the ICU patients, the most remarkable laboratory differences when compared to the house-care group were show on D-dimer and ferritin blood levels.

Keywords: COVID-19, SARS-COV2, Coronavirus, Pandemic

Introduction
Since December 2019, there has been a record of the first patients infected with a new type of enveloped beta coronavirus RNA in Wuhan, China, called Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corovairus2 (SARS-CoV2).1‒3 Its clinical presentation would vary, from the asymptomatic carrier to the critically ill patient with interstitial pneumonia and severe ARDS.1,4,5 It would be transmitted by droplets from a carrier patient (when talking, coughing or sneezing) to a non-carrier.1,6 The virus would be viable for a variable time on different surfaces, being able to adhere to the skin of the previously non-carrier patient, which would explain the infections without apparent SARS-CoV2(+) contacts.2,3 Recent evidence postulates that the virus has an incubation period of up to 14 days, from its inoculation to the presentation of symptoms, with an average of 4 to 5 days, and its risk of transmission would depend on several factors, including the time of exposure to a symptomatic patient and/or carrier, viral load, personal protection measures, use of a mask in the symptomatic or suspected patient, maintenance of the defined social distance between 1 and 1.5 meters between people, overcrowding and/or recent participation in crowds and in-hospital exposure.

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